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1 The Kernel Group
Trademark term: TKG (acquired by Veritas) -
2 ядерная группа
kernel group мат., nuclear groupРусско-английский научно-технический словарь Масловского > ядерная группа
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3 ядерная группа
1) Military: (оперативно-тактическая) nuclear group2) Mathematics: kernel group, nuclear group -
4 ядро
* * *n. kernel, nucleus, main body, core, null-space, salient;
открытое ядро - interior (of a set)
групповое ядро - group germ;
Ś-ядро - core;
Ń-ядро - nucleolus;
Ḱ-ядро - kernel;
ядро подгруппы - core of subgroup;
Ś-ядро - ś-ядро - core ( of a game) -
5 noyau
masculine nouna. [de fruit] stone ; [de cellule, atome] nucleusb. ( = personnes) nucleus ; ( = groupe de fidèles, de manifestants, d'opposants) small group* * *pl noyaux nwajo nom masculin1) ( de fruit) stone GB, pit USfruits à noyau — stone fruit GB, fruit with pits US
2) ( groupe humain) small group3) ( partie centrale) Biologie, Physique nucleus; ( de la Terre) core; Construction, Bâtiment newel; Linguistique ( de phrase) kernel; ( d'intonation) nucleus; Informatique kernel* * *nwajonoyaux pl nm1) [fruit] stone Grande-Bretagne pit USA2) BIOLOGIE nucleus3) PHYSIQUE nucleus4) ÉLECTRICITÉ, ÉLECTRONIQUE core5) GÉOGRAPHIE core6) fig (= centre) core7) (fig) [résistants] cell* * *1 ( de fruit) stone GB, pit US; fruits à noyau stone fruit GB, fruit with pits US; noyau de prune/d'olive plum/olive stone ou pit;2 ( groupe humain) core; noyau de fidèles/d'artistes core of faithful supporters/of artists; noyaux de résistance pockets of resistance; noyaux d'agitateurs small groups of agitators;3 ( partie centrale) Astron, Biol, Nucl nucleus; Électrotech, Géol core; Constr newel; Ling ( de phrase) kernel; ( d'intonation) nucleus; Ordinat kernel.noyau dur hard core.( pluriel masculin noyaux) [nwajo] nom masculinnoyau de cerise/pêche cherry/peach stoneenlever le noyau d'un fruit to pit a fruit, to remove the stone from a fruit2. [centre] nucleus3. [petit groupe] small grouple noyau dur [d'un parti, de l'actionnariat] the hard corenoyau de résistance pocket ou centre of resistance6. FINANCE -
6 núcleo
m.1 nucleus, focus.2 nucleus, core, kernel.* * *1 nucleus2 (parte central) core3 (grupo de gente) circle, group\núcleo urbano city centre (US center)* * *noun m.1) core2) nucleus* * *SM (Bio, Fís, Quím) nucleus; (Elec) core; (Bot) kernel, stone; (fig) core, essencenúcleo de población — population centre, population center (EEUU)
núcleo rural — (new) village, village settlement
núcleo urbano — city centre, city center (EEUU)
* * *1)a) (Biol, Fís, Quím) nucleusb) (Ling) nucleusc) (Elec) core2)a) ( de asunto) heart, core; ( de conjunto) nucleusb) ( grupo) groupc) ( centro) center*•* * *= core, nuclear zone, x-height, centrepoint [centerpoint, -USA], nucleus [nuclei, -pl.], heart, hard core.Ex. The main list of index terms is the core of the thesaurus and defines the index language.Ex. A new definition of the nuclear zone of a Bradford curve is proposed.Ex. Its x-height was notably small, and the fount was equipped with many ligatures (tied letters) and with upright capitals; it was quickly and widely imitated.Ex. In our capacity as centerpoints for local activities, we may be equipped with card production equipment for producing catalog cards through the state division of OCLC.Ex. These libraries became the nucleus for many private and religious collections that ultimately became the first public libraries in Brazil.Ex. A heart on a pink background thus indicates 'romance' (rather than medicine) and a magnifying glass or a gun might indicate a detective story though a gun might mean a 'western' if it is a revolver and a war story if it is a field gun.Ex. The text describes a 'world science' marked by the collectivization of the centre,'centrality' being defined not by a national monopoly, but by the 'hard core' of a transnational network, stratified on a continental or subcontinental basis = El texto describe una "ciencia mundial" marcada por la colectivización del centro, definiendo la "centralidad" no por monopolio nacional sino por el núcleo de una red internacional, estratificado a nivel continental o subcontinental.----* en el núcleo = at the core (of).* formación de un núcleo = nucleation.* formar el núcleo = form + the nucleus.* núcleo rural = rural area.* * *1)a) (Biol, Fís, Quím) nucleusb) (Ling) nucleusc) (Elec) core2)a) ( de asunto) heart, core; ( de conjunto) nucleusb) ( grupo) groupc) ( centro) center*•* * *= core, nuclear zone, x-height, centrepoint [centerpoint, -USA], nucleus [nuclei, -pl.], heart, hard core.Ex: The main list of index terms is the core of the thesaurus and defines the index language.
Ex: A new definition of the nuclear zone of a Bradford curve is proposed.Ex: Its x-height was notably small, and the fount was equipped with many ligatures (tied letters) and with upright capitals; it was quickly and widely imitated.Ex: In our capacity as centerpoints for local activities, we may be equipped with card production equipment for producing catalog cards through the state division of OCLC.Ex: These libraries became the nucleus for many private and religious collections that ultimately became the first public libraries in Brazil.Ex: A heart on a pink background thus indicates 'romance' (rather than medicine) and a magnifying glass or a gun might indicate a detective story though a gun might mean a 'western' if it is a revolver and a war story if it is a field gun.Ex: The text describes a 'world science' marked by the collectivization of the centre,'centrality' being defined not by a national monopoly, but by the 'hard core' of a transnational network, stratified on a continental or subcontinental basis = El texto describe una "ciencia mundial" marcada por la colectivización del centro, definiendo la "centralidad" no por monopolio nacional sino por el núcleo de una red internacional, estratificado a nivel continental o subcontinental.* en el núcleo = at the core (of).* formación de un núcleo = nucleation.* formar el núcleo = form + the nucleus.* núcleo rural = rural area.* * *A2 ( Ling) nucleus3 ( Elec) (de una bobina) core4 (de un reactor) coreB1 (de un asunto) heart, core; (de un conjunto, equipo) nucleus2 (grupo) grouppequeños núcleos de disidentes small groups of dissidents3 (centro) center*Compuestos:center* of populationfamily unit* * *
núcleo sustantivo masculinoa) (Biol, Fís) nucleusb) (Elec) core
núcleo sustantivo masculino
1 nucleus
2 (parte más importante) core
3 (grupo de personas) group
4 (foco) focus
núcleo de pobreza/cultura, focus of poverty/culture
5 núcleo urbano, city centre
' núcleo' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
corazón
- foco
- fondo
- médula
- balneario
- urbanización
- urbano
English:
centre
- core
- nucleus
* * *núcleo nm1. [de la Tierra] core2. [centro] nucleusnúcleo duro [en economía, política] hard core3. [foco]un núcleo de pobreza an area with an extremely high level of poverty, an area where poverty is concentrated;forman el núcleo intelectual del partido they are the party's brains4. [grupo] core;un pequeño núcleo de rebeldes a small core of rebels5. [lugar habitado] centrenúcleo de población population centre6. Astron nucleusnúcleo de la galaxia galaxy's core7. Biol nucleusnúcleo celular cell nucleus8. Fís nucleusnúcleo atómico atomic nucleus9. Ling nucleus* * *m1 nucleus;núcleo (celular) BIO (cell) nucleus2 de problema heart* * *núcleo nm1) : nucleus2) : center, heart, core* * * -
7 ядерный
1) ( относящийся к атомному ядру) nuclearя́дерная фи́зика — nuclear physics
я́дерный реа́ктор — nuclear reactor
я́дерная реа́кция — nuclear reaction
я́дерные проце́ссы — nuclear processes
я́дерная радиа́ция — nuclear radiation
я́дерное ору́жие — nuclear weapons ['wep-]
я́дерное горю́чее — nuclear fuel ['fjuː-]
я́дерная держа́ва — nuclear power
я́дерные испыта́ния — nuclear tests
я́дерное разоруже́ние — nuclear disarmament
догово́р о запреще́нии я́дерных испыта́ний — nuclear test ban treaty
2) (составляющий ядро, основу чего-л) core (attr), kernel (attr); nuclearя́дерная гру́ппа мат. — kernel / nuclear group
я́дерная ДНК биол. — nuclear DNA
я́дерные структу́ры лингв., мат. — kernel structures
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8 nucleo
"nucleus, core;Kern;núcleo"* * *nucleo urbano urban centre* * *nucleo s.m.1 nucleus*; core: il nucleo del seme, the nucleus of the seed; nucleo dell'acciaio, steel core; il nucleo costitutivo di una frase, the nuclear component (o the nucleus) of a sentence; il nucleo concettuale di una teoria, the nuclear concept of a theory // (fis.): nucleo atomico, atomic nucleus; nucleo magnetico, magnetic core3 (mat.) kernel4 (inform.) core5 ( origine, inizio) nucleus*, beginnings (pl.): i soldi che ereditò da suo padre costituirono il nucleo della sua fortuna, the money he inherited from his father formed the nucleus of his fortune6 ( gruppo) group: il nostro club fu fondato da un piccolo nucleo di entusiasti, our club was founded by a small group of enthusiasts; il nucleo familiare, the family; nucleo abitativo, residential complex7 ( squadra) team; squad: nucleo antisofisticazione, team of health inspectors; nucleo antidroga, drugs squad.* * *['nukleo]sostantivo maschile1) astr. nucl. el. biol. nucleus*; geol. core2) (unità, reparto) unit; (gruppo) groupnucleo antidroga — drugs BE o drug AE squad
3) fig. (centro) core•* * *nucleo/'nukleo/sostantivo m.1 astr. nucl. el. biol. nucleus*; geol. corenucleo familiare family unit. -
9 ядро
n. kernel, nucleus, main body, core, null-space, salient; открытое ядро, interior (of a set); групповое ядро, group germ; S-ядро, core; N-ядро, nucleolus; K-ядро, kernel; ядро подгруппы, core of subgroup; S-ядро, s-ядро, core ( of a game) -
10 ядро
n.kernel, nucleus, main body, core, null-space, salientS-ядро, s-ядро — core (of a game)
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11 גרעין
Nahal group————————nucleus (of the atom), nuclein; kernel, grain, stone -
12 Kern
Kern m 1. COMP core; 2. GEN core, gist (eines Problem); 3. IND (AE) center, (BE) centre; 4. PAT gist* * *m 1. < Comp> core; 2. < Geschäft> eines Problem core, gist; 3. < Ind> center (AE), centre (BE) ; 4. < Patent> gist* * *Kern
(Basis) unit, nucleus, (Korn) kernel, (Mittelpunkt) core, essence, heart, (Ursache) root, (Wesentliches) [pith and] marrow;
• Kern einer Angelegenheit crux (nucleus) of a matter;
• Kern der Arbeitslosen hard core;
• Kern der Beweisführung burden of an argument;
• Kern einer Stadt heart (center) of a city, city core;
• Kern eines Vertrages essence (root) of a contract;
• Kern einer Sache bilden to be at the heart of s. th.;
• zum Kern einer Sache kommen (vordringen, vorstoßen) to pierce beneath the show of a thing, to come to the crucial point;
• am Kern einer Sache vorbeigehen to be beside the point;
• Kernaktivität[en] core business;
• Kernarbeitsgebiet core activities;
• Kernaufgabe core task;
• Kernbegriff central concept;
• Kernbestandteil (Anzeige) running body;
• Kerndaten für die Konjunkturprognose (Doktrin) anticipators of a business cycle;
• Kernenergie nuclear energy;
• Kernenergieanlage nuclear site;
• Kernenergienutzung use of nuclear energy;
• Kernfrage crucial problem, pivotal question, sticking point;
• Kernfusion nuclear fusion;
• Kerngebiet core area;
• Kerngedanke key objective;
• Kerngeschäft core business;
• Kernindustrie nuclear industry;
• Kernkapital (Bankbilanz) core capital, tier one (1);
• Kernkompetenz key competency;
• Kernländer core countries;
• Kernprinzip basic principle;
• Kernpunkt main issue, marrow, [crucial] point;
• Kernreaktor atomic (chain) reactor;
• Kernreaktoranlage nuclear power station (plant);
• Kernreaktorgelände reactor site;
• Kernspaltung nuclear fission;
• Kernstück (Anzeige) bold type, (Ausstellung) centerpiece (US) (centre-piece, Br.);
• Kernstücke eines Konzerns core companies of a group;
• Kerntechnik nuclear engineering;
• Kernumwandlung nuclear transmutation;
• Kernwirtschaften core economies;
• Kernzeit (gestaffelte Arbeitszeit) core time. -
13 *πέμφιξ
*πέμφιξ, -ῑγοςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: poet. word of unstable meaning, which is based partly on the artificialities of hell. poets (s. Wenkebach Phil. 86, 300ff.): `bubble of air or water' (secondarily of the soul, s. Nehring IF 40, 100ff.), `blister on the skin, drop (of water or blood), drizzle, spraying spark, also said of the sunlight' (Ibyc., trag., hell. poetry).Derivatives: πεμφιγώδης `full of vesications' (Hp.). Besides πεμφίς, only gen. pl. - ίδων (Lyc. 686; v. 1. - ίγων). -- With ο-vowel: πομφός m. `blister on the skin' (Hp.); more often with λ-suffix in πομφρολύζω (- ύσσω?), only aor. 3. pl. πομφόλυξαν `sprang up' ( δάκρυα; Pi.), and πομφόλυξ, -ῠγος f. (also m.) `bubble' (Hp., Pl., Arist., Thphr.), metaph. of a female hair-ornament (Ar., att. inscr.), of an architecton. ornament (Att. inscr.), of shieldknobs (H.), of a zincoxyde (medic.); as 1. member in πομφολυγο-παφλάσματα pl. joking formation (Ar. Ra. 249). From it πομφολυγ-ωτός `provided with bosses' (Ph. Bel.), - ώδης `like bubbles', - ηρόν n. `plaster with zinc oxyde' (medic.), - όω `to make bubbles' (Arist.), - όομοι, - ίζω `to bubble' (medic.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Expressive words, which may be old as regards the kernel but in Greek preserved their special morphological character. The nearest example of πέμφιξ is not recognisable ( μάστιξ and τέττιξ are too far off; Chantraine Form. 397); the hapax πεμφίς after the many words in -ῑ̆δ- (cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 201 n. 2; to far-going Specht Ursprung 212 a. 228). The ablauting πομφός was adapted to the o-stems; here with λ-suffix πομφο-λύξαι, - υξ (s. on μορμώ); cf. also φλύζω, οἰνό-φλυξ, φλύκταινα and Persson Beitr. 1, 58 a. 2, 879; similar βομβυλίδας πομφόλυγας H. -- To a group popular and onomatop. expressions for `blow up etc.', which are found esp. in Baltic, e.g. Lith. pam̃p-ti `swell, aufdinsen', pempùs `fatt-bodied', pumpùlis `roundish, thick-bellied thing', with voiced cons., e.g. bum̃balas `knob, bladder', with aspirate Arm. p'amp'ušt `urine-bladder'. -- Cf. βέμβιξ and βόμβος w. lit., also W.-Hofmann s. pampinus. - The words may well be Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,503Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > *πέμφιξ
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14 kern
4 [natuurkunde] nucleus5 [plaats, dorp, ook in samenstellingen] centre6 [in samenstellingen] [belangrijkste, hoofd-] central♦voorbeelden:3 de kern van het probleem • the heart/essence of the problemde harde kern van een terroristengroep • the hard core of a terrorist groupin de kern van de zaak • in essencetot de kern van een zaak doordringen • get (down) to the (very) root of an issuedat bevat een kern van waarheid • that has an element/a grain of truth (in it)6 kernidee • central/main/basic idea -
15 Memory
To what extent can we lump together what goes on when you try to recall: (1) your name; (2) how you kick a football; and (3) the present location of your car keys? If we use introspective evidence as a guide, the first seems an immediate automatic response. The second may require constructive internal replay prior to our being able to produce a verbal description. The third... quite likely involves complex operational responses under the control of some general strategy system. Is any unitary search process, with a single set of characteristics and inputoutput relations, likely to cover all these cases? (Reitman, 1970, p. 485)[Semantic memory] Is a mental thesaurus, organized knowledge a person possesses about words and other verbal symbols, their meanings and referents, about relations among them, and about rules, formulas, and algorithms for the manipulation of these symbols, concepts, and relations. Semantic memory does not register perceptible properties of inputs, but rather cognitive referents of input signals. (Tulving, 1972, p. 386)The mnemonic code, far from being fixed and unchangeable, is structured and restructured along with general development. Such a restructuring of the code takes place in close dependence on the schemes of intelligence. The clearest indication of this is the observation of different types of memory organisation in accordance with the age level of a child so that a longer interval of retention without any new presentation, far from causing a deterioration of memory, may actually improve it. (Piaget & Inhelder, 1973, p. 36)4) The Logic of Some Memory Theorization Is of Dubious Worth in the History of PsychologyIf a cue was effective in memory retrieval, then one could infer it was encoded; if a cue was not effective, then it was not encoded. The logic of this theorization is "heads I win, tails you lose" and is of dubious worth in the history of psychology. We might ask how long scientists will puzzle over questions with no answers. (Solso, 1974, p. 28)We have iconic, echoic, active, working, acoustic, articulatory, primary, secondary, episodic, semantic, short-term, intermediate-term, and longterm memories, and these memories contain tags, traces, images, attributes, markers, concepts, cognitive maps, natural-language mediators, kernel sentences, relational rules, nodes, associations, propositions, higher-order memory units, and features. (Eysenck, 1977, p. 4)The problem with the memory metaphor is that storage and retrieval of traces only deals [ sic] with old, previously articulated information. Memory traces can perhaps provide a basis for dealing with the "sameness" of the present experience with previous experiences, but the memory metaphor has no mechanisms for dealing with novel information. (Bransford, McCarrell, Franks & Nitsch, 1977, p. 434)7) The Results of a Hundred Years of the Psychological Study of Memory Are Somewhat DiscouragingThe results of a hundred years of the psychological study of memory are somewhat discouraging. We have established firm empirical generalisations, but most of them are so obvious that every ten-year-old knows them anyway. We have made discoveries, but they are only marginally about memory; in many cases we don't know what to do with them, and wear them out with endless experimental variations. We have an intellectually impressive group of theories, but history offers little confidence that they will provide any meaningful insight into natural behavior. (Neisser, 1978, pp. 12-13)A schema, then is a data structure for representing the generic concepts stored in memory. There are schemata representing our knowledge about all concepts; those underlying objects, situations, events, sequences of events, actions and sequences of actions. A schema contains, as part of its specification, the network of interrelations that is believed to normally hold among the constituents of the concept in question. A schema theory embodies a prototype theory of meaning. That is, inasmuch as a schema underlying a concept stored in memory corresponds to the mean ing of that concept, meanings are encoded in terms of the typical or normal situations or events that instantiate that concept. (Rumelhart, 1980, p. 34)Memory appears to be constrained by a structure, a "syntax," perhaps at quite a low level, but it is free to be variable, deviant, even erratic at a higher level....Like the information system of language, memory can be explained in part by the abstract rules which underlie it, but only in part. The rules provide a basic competence, but they do not fully determine performance. (Campbell, 1982, pp. 228, 229)When people think about the mind, they often liken it to a physical space, with memories and ideas as objects contained within that space. Thus, we speak of ideas being in the dark corners or dim recesses of our minds, and of holding ideas in mind. Ideas may be in the front or back of our minds, or they may be difficult to grasp. With respect to the processes involved in memory, we talk about storing memories, of searching or looking for lost memories, and sometimes of finding them. An examination of common parlance, therefore, suggests that there is general adherence to what might be called the spatial metaphor. The basic assumptions of this metaphor are that memories are treated as objects stored in specific locations within the mind, and the retrieval process involves a search through the mind in order to find specific memories....However, while the spatial metaphor has shown extraordinary longevity, there have been some interesting changes over time in the precise form of analogy used. In particular, technological advances have influenced theoretical conceptualisations.... The original Greek analogies were based on wax tablets and aviaries; these were superseded by analogies involving switchboards, gramophones, tape recorders, libraries, conveyor belts, and underground maps. Most recently, the workings of human memory have been compared to computer functioning... and it has been suggested that the various memory stores found in computers have their counterparts in the human memory system. (Eysenck, 1984, pp. 79-80)Primary memory [as proposed by William James] relates to information that remains in consciousness after it has been perceived, and thus forms part of the psychological present, whereas secondary memory contains information about events that have left consciousness, and are therefore part of the psychological past. (Eysenck, 1984, p. 86)Once psychologists began to study long-term memory per se, they realized it may be divided into two main categories.... Semantic memories have to do with our general knowledge about the working of the world. We know what cars do, what stoves do, what the laws of gravity are, and so on. Episodic memories are largely events that took place at a time and place in our personal history. Remembering specific events about our own actions, about our family, and about our individual past falls into this category. With amnesia or in aging, what dims... is our personal episodic memories, save for those that are especially dear or painful to us. Our knowledge of how the world works remains pretty much intact. (Gazzaniga, 1988, p. 42)The nature of memory... provides a natural starting point for an analysis of thinking. Memory is the repository of many of the beliefs and representations that enter into thinking, and the retrievability of these representations can limit the quality of our thought. (Smith, 1990, p. 1)Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Memory
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